The roller grinding machine, a metal cutting machine tool, consists of the bed, headstock, tailstock, support stand, longitudinal and transverse slides, grinding head, measuring frame, and electrical numerical control system. It is divided into five sub-systems: the bearing system, driving system, grinding system, measuring system, and control system. The workpiece is supported by the headstock, tailstock, and support stand and is driven to rotate by the headstock. The numerical control system controls the machine tool to perform multi-axis compound motion based on the mathematical model of the roller surface generatrix, achieving the grinding of the roller face metal during the motion. The on-line measuring system feeds real-time measurement data back to the machine tool control system, which then applies closed-loop control to the machine tool, thereby completing the precise processing of the workpiece.