A fire sprinkler system is a fire extinguishing device that is widely used as a fixed fire protection facility, known for its low cost and high efficiency in extinguishing fires. It can be categorized into two types based on its function: manual control and automatic control. The system is equipped with an alarm device that can automatically trigger an alert during a fire. An automatic fire sprinkler system can spray water automatically and coordinate with other fire protection facilities, thereby effectively controlling and extinguishing initial fires.

Principles of Operation for Fire Sprinkler Systems

Closed Fire Sprinkler System

During normal operations, the fire suppression water tank on the roof is filled with water. In the event of a fire, when the temperature reaches a certain level (typically 68°C), the chrome plating on the sprinkler head melts. The water within the pipes is then automatically propelled out by the pressure in the fire suppression water tank. At this point, the wet alarm valve automatically opens, and the pressure switch inside activates. This pressure switch is connected to the fire pump via a signal line, causing the pump to automatically start. Subsequently, the sprinkler pump delivers water from the tank through the pipes to the network, initiating the operation of the entire fire suppression system.

2. Open sprinkler fire suppression system

The system is equipped with smoke detection probes that monitor smoke levels. Once the smoke concentration reaches a certain threshold, the smoke sensors trigger an alarm, which is then confirmed by the main unit and relayed to the sound and light alarm device, emitting sounds or flashing lights to warn people. Concurrently, the smoke exhaust fans are activated to start exhausting smoke. The solenoid valve of the deluge valve is also activated,联动ing the sprinkler pump, and the open sprinkler nozzles spray water directly.

Primary Fire Sprinkler System Facilities Control

1. Manual Control Series

The components of the manual control series fire sprinkler systems consist of fire pumps, water tanks, main pipelines, sprinkler heads, and terminal drainage devices.

2. Automatic Control Series

The components of the automatic sprinkler fire suppression system consist of a reservoir + valves + pump + pressure tank control box + main pipeline (+roof water tank) + secondary branch pipelines + signal butterfly valves + flow indicators + branch pipes + sprinkler heads + exhaust valves + terminal drainage devices.