The first step in manufacturing single crystal diamond cutting tools is selecting the raw material. Choosing the appropriate raw materials based on different processing conditions and methods not only ensures the quality of the tools but also prevents waste of diamond raw materials and increases processing costs. Generally, diamond raw materials for cutting tools require complete crystals with no cracks, a flat crystal surface as much as possible, and a diameter of no less than 4mm, with a weight ranging from 0.7 to 3 carats.

Due to the requirements of the cutting tool or the shape of the diamond, there are occasions when it is necessary to split diamond roughs. Diamonds possess parallel perfect cleavage, with carbon atoms in the diamond bonded together with strong covalent bonds. However, in certain directions within the diamond structure, such as along the parallel octahedral plane, applying a certain force causes the diamond to easily fracture, primarily because the bonds connecting this plane within the diamond crystal are relatively fewer. Therefore, the cleavage plane of the diamond is chosen for splitting the roughs.

On the diamond to be split, a groove or incision known as a cleavage is created. The skill lies in knowing where to start the split and how deep to cut. To grind a high-quality single-crystal diamond cutting tool, the technique of crystal orientation in single-crystal diamond must be mastered. This is primarily determined by the anisotropic characteristics of single-crystal diamond, where the hardness varies greatly in different directions. Appropriate crystal planes and crystal orientations must be selected as the front and rear faces of the tool, i.e., the blade, to enhance its wear resistance and processing performance.

Diamond crystal surfaces exhibit low grinding rates in the preferred grinding direction, followed by intermediate rates, and higher rates on the less preferred surfaces. Due to the high hardness of the surfaces, grinding is challenging, and the low microstrength makes them prone to cleavage, making it difficult to produce sharp cutting edges. The grinding rate on the preferred surfaces is nearly double that of the less preferred ones. However, for different diamond crystal surfaces, the likelihood of damage varies, necessitating the use of various motor models for comprehensive protection. For different motors, simply adjusting the corresponding thresholds is sufficient.