Insulators, typically composed of insulating components (such as porcelain or glass pieces) and metallic attachments (like steel legs, iron caps, flanges, etc.), are assembled using adhesives or mechanical clips. Insulators are widely used in power systems, generally serving as external insulation and operating under atmospheric conditions. They are essential for supporting the external conductors of overhead transmission lines, generator and transformer substation busbars, and various electrical equipment, ensuring they remain insulated from the ground (or grounding materials) or other conductors with differing electrical potentials.