In broad terms, pneumatic tools are devices that utilize compressed air to drive pneumatic motors, thereby generating kinetic energy for operation. They can be categorized based on their fundamental working methods: 1) Rotational (eccentrically moving blade type); 2) Reciprocating (volume piston type). Generally, pneumatic tools consist of main components such as the power output section, operation form conversion section, intake and exhaust pathways, operation start/stop control section, and the tool housing. Of course, the operation of pneumatic tools also requires energy supply sections, air filtration and pressure regulation parts, as well as tool accessories.
The power output section is one of the main components of pneumatic tools, primarily consisting of pneumatic motors and power output gears. It operates by utilizing high-pressure compressed air to blow the motor blades, causing the motor rotor to rotate and output rotational motion. This rotation is then transferred to the entire operation form conversion part through the gears. Depending on whether the stator and rotor are concentric, pneumatic motors can be classified into concentric motors and eccentric motors. According to the number of intake holes, they can be categorized as single-hole, double-hole, and multi-hole motors, among others. Regardless of the form, all pneumatic motors rely on compressed air to blow the motor blades and rotate the rotor. As the blades rotate at high speeds, they constantly rub against the inner wall of the stator, making it a common vulnerable part within the motor. Therefore, it demands high quality compressed air and a requirement for the presence of lubricating oil molecules in the air.
2. Conversion of Operational Forms: This primarily involves converting the rotational motion output by the motor. In the automotive manufacturing industry, due to the numerous threaded connections, most operations are rotational, although there are also linear reciprocating motions. For different types of pneumatic tools, the conversion of operational forms is mainly divided into mechanical clutches and planetary gear sets, friction disk clutches and planetary gear sets, hydraulic cylinders,扭力杆 and hammering block sets, and other components. These parts, which are all based on rotational motion, are crucial in determining the torque size, speed, and tightening precision of the pneumatic tightening tool. As they continuously engage, compress, or change torque, their constituent parts are prone to damage.
3. Inlet and exhaust pathways: It is evident that the inlet and exhaust pathways are the channels through which compressed air enters and exits. They are the energy supply systems that ensure the normal operation of the motor.
4. The control section for starting and stopping the motion, commonly referred to as the pneumatic switch, is prone to damage due to its constant direct contact with operators and external objects, and its composition of multiple plastic components.
5. Energy Supply Segment: Compressed air is primarily formed by air compressors compressing the atmosphere and is then transported through compressed air pipelines to the relevant gas-consuming equipment, presenting a pulsating state.
6. Air Filtration and Pressure Regulation Section: Since compressed air is typically conveyed through seamless steel pipes, over time, rust particles, moisture from the compressed air, and dust will continuously accumulate on the inner walls. If such untreated compressed air is directly fed into an air motor, it will significantly reduce the motor's lifespan, leading to insufficient and unstable power output of the entire tool, and an increased risk of sequential damage to motor components. Therefore, between the compressed air transported through pipes and pneumatic tools, a compressed air filtration and regulation device must be installed. The pneumatic three-in-one component takes on this task. The pneumatic three-in-one is mainly composed of a pressure gauge, filter, oil atomizer, and regulator, among which the filter contains a built-in filter element. After a period of use, it requires maintenance, cleaning, and regular replacement.
7. Tool Attachments: The tool attachments refer to the tools mounted directly onto the pneumatic tool body and in direct contact with the workpiece, with the pneumatic triple combination handling this task. The pneumatic triple combination is primarily composed of a pressure gauge, filter, oil mist eliminator, and regulator, among which the filter contains a built-in filter element that requires maintenance, cleaning, and regular replacement after use. If untreated compressed air is directly fed into the pneumatic motor, it will significantly reduce the motor's lifespan, leading to insufficient and unstable power output of the entire tool, and prone to consecutive damage to motor components. Therefore, it is necessary to set up compressed air filtering and regulating devices between the compressed air conveyed through the pipeline and the pneumatic tools, including various pneumatic sleeves, rods, transition connectors, and cutting heads.
