The power end of the reciprocating pump features a box-like structure for the pump body. During design, attention must be given to dustproofing, waterproofing, and smooth splashing. The top of the pump body is equipped with a ventilation cap to balance the internal air pressure of the pump, which, when removed, becomes an oil injection hole. The smooth system on the power end typically uses splash lubrication, but can also be selected as forced lubrication based on the situation.
The hydraulic end of the high-pressure reciprocating pump consists of the pump head, inlet and outlet valves, plunger components, etc. As the plunger reciprocates under the drive of the crankshaft, the volume of the pump head's working cylinder gradually increases, causing the pressure to decrease, creating a partial vacuum, and keeping the outlet valve closed. Under the effect of the pressure difference, the inlet valve opens, allowing liquid to enter the working cylinder. When the plunger continues to move to the return limit position, the suction process is complete. As the plunger moves, the volume of the working cylinder gradually decreases, compressing the liquid, increasing the pressure, closing the inlet valve, and opening the discharge valve, allowing liquid to be expelled through the discharge pipe. When the plunger reaches the process limit position, the discharge process is completed. Due to the continuous reciprocating motion of the plunger, the pump's suction and discharge processes alternate continuously, outputting high-pressure liquid continuously.
The reciprocating pump is equipped with an overflow valve. The overflow valve maintains a fixed pressure by allowing excess flow, keeping the pressure water system at a constant level. Its feature is that the valve remains in an open position. The valve can also be used in high-pressure water systems to prevent overloading. In this case, the valve is closed and serves as a safety valve. When the high-pressure water system overloads, the valve opens, allowing the high-pressure water to flow out. The operating principle is that when the high-pressure water system exceeds the specified working pressure, the force exerted by the high-pressure water on the control piston is greater than the force of the butterfly spring, causing the control piston to move upward, driving the valve stem to open a bypass, allowing some of the high-pressure water to overflow back into the reservoir.
