We all know that different steel grades possess varying qualities! Structural steel components generally should directly select various sections, with the main base materials being carbon structural steel and low-alloy high-strength structural steel. Sections come in both hot-rolled and cold-rolled forms. Sheets are available in both hot-rolled (thickness of 0.35-200mm) and cold-rolled (thickness of 0.2-5mm) varieties.
(1) Hot-rolled steel shapes include angle steel, I-beam, channel steel, T-beam, and Z-beam. In China, hot-rolled steel shapes for construction primarily use carbon structural steel Q235-A (with a carbon content of 0.14-0.22%), which offers moderate strength, good plasticity and weldability, and is cost-effective, suitable for construction projects. In the design specifications for steel structures, the recommended low-alloy steels are mainly Q345 (16Mn) and Q390 (15MnV), used in steel structures with large spans and dynamic loads.
(2) Cold-formed thin-walled steel is typically made by cold bending or stamping 2-6mm BaoGang plate, including open thin-walled sections like angle and channel steels, as well as hollow thin-walled sections such as square and rectangular ones. It is mainly used in light-gauge steel structures. The marking method is the same as that for hot-rolled steel sections.
(3) Flat steel products, made by rolling smooth mandrels on steel plates and shaped steel plates, are supplied in flat sheets called steel plates and in coil form called steel strips. They are categorized into hot-rolled and cold-rolled based on rolling temperatures; hot-rolled steel plates are further divided into thick plates (over 4mm thick) and thin plates (0.35-4mm thick); cold-rolled steel plates are only available in thin plates (0.2-4mm thick). Building steel plates and strips are primarily carbon steel structures. Some heavy-duty structures, large-span bridges, high-pressure vessels, and others use low-alloy steel plates. Standard thicknesses are suitable for welding structures; thin plates can be used for roofing or walling enclosures, or as raw materials for coated steel plates; steel plates can also be bent into shaped steel.
Cold-rolled thin steel plates are formed into wave, hyperbolic, V-shaped, and other shapes to become corrugated steel sheets. Color steel plates (also known as organic coated thin steel plates), galvanized thin steel plates, and anticorrosive thin steel plates are all used to manufacture corrugated steel sheets. Their features include light unit weight, high strength, excellent seismic performance, quick construction, and attractive appearance. They are mainly used for protective structures, floor slabs, roofs, and more.
Of course, the editor has previously discussed the tips for selecting steel structural materials and the following precautions in several articles. Those in need can follow our website for more knowledge on steel structures.
