Mine cars are narrow-gauge railway vehicles used for transporting loose materials such as coal, ore, and waste rock in mines, usually requiring locomotives or winches for traction. Mine cars are categorized into five main types based on their structure and unloading methods: fixed mine cars (material wagons, flat wagons), dump trucks, single-side curved track side-discharge mine cars, bottom (side) discharge mine cars, and shuttle cars.
Wagons towed by locomotives or winches, used for transporting coal, slag, equipment, supplies, and personnel. Mining cars are primarily used for track transportation in underground tunnels, shafts, and on the ground within coal mines. They are a widely used and heavily demanded transportation device in coal mining, commonly employing gauge widths of 600, 762, and 900mm.
Standard or narrow-gauge railway transport vehicles used for conveying loose materials such as ore, waste rock, and coal in mines are generally towed by locomotives or winches. In addition to the wagons for transporting loose materials, mining vehicles include flatbed and materials cars specifically designed for transporting materials; incline and level ore cars for passenger transport; other vehicles such as water supply trucks, fire trucks, and sanitation trucks, etc. [3]
A portable material handler on light-duty tracks for transporting loose materials. It can be pulled by manual labor, winches, or traction vehicles to transport loose construction materials on construction sites. Composed of components such as buckets, frames, walking wheels, and connectors. Fixed mining car buckets are rigidly connected to the frame and must be flipped off using a tipper to unload the material. The dump truck buckets are supported on the flip track of the frame, allowing the buckets to flip and unload on the flip track [4].
The fixed box-type ore trucks typically feature semi-circular underbodies, which are not only convenient for processing but also beneficial for mechanical cleaning of adherent materials from the bottom. The boxes are generally made of low-alloy steel plates, known for their heat and corrosion resistance. The thickness of the steel plates is primarily determined by corrosion resistance requirements. To enhance the rigidity of the box, ribs are often pressed into the steel plates, and angle irons are welded to the box openings, with drainage holes at the bottom. The ore boxes of bottom-discharge trucks have an open-bottom design, with wing plates on the sides for support during unloading, ensuring sufficient stiffness at the bottom to prevent deformation. The longitudinal cross-section of the boxes for fixed and skip-style trucks is rectangular.
