Key Points of Soilless Cultivation with Glass Greenhouse Poles

(1) Equipment and Materials

Greenhouse structures utilize hot-dip galvanized steel pipes, eliminating the need for supporting columns. This creates a spacious interior, ideal for equipment installation and various operations. The nutrient solution pool is located at one end of the greenhouse, below ground level, featuring a 3-meter long, 1.2-meter wide pool that is 1.6 meters deep. Constructed of bricks and mud mortar, the interior walls and bottom are smooth, ensuring no leakage. The outer packaging of the cultivation columns is made of plastic woven fabric, rolled into a drum shape with a diameter of 15 cm and a length of 1.7 meters, stitched together with the top open and the bottom closed. Other components include a small circulating pump, filter, a main water supply pipe with a diameter of 5 cm, water supply tubes, bypasses, dripper heads, iron rings on the cultivation columns, pipe plugs, and wire, among others.

(II) Installation Pillar

Within the greenhouse, growth beds measuring 4.8 meters in length, 0.5 meters in width, and 12 centimeters in depth are constructed using bricks in a north-south direction. There is a 0.5-meter-wide work aisle between each bed. At the southern end of the beds, a 0.5-meter-wide return channel is built east-west using bricks. Plastic film is then draped over the bottom and sides of each bed to prevent nutrient leakage, followed by the addition of 4 centimeters of陶粒 (ceramic beads). A 1.95-meter-high iron rod is passed through the bottom of a cylindrical drum made of plastic burlap, securing the connection between the two. Organic substrate is poured into the drum until it reaches the top. A circular iron ring is then added to the top opening and stitched to the plastic burlap. The iron rod of the support架 (support frame) for the cultivation pillar extends more than 20 centimeters above the cylindrical drum, with the top of the rod used for installing a drip irrigation nozzle. This completes the construction of a fully functional cultivation pillar.

(3) Assembly and Mounting

Pre-assembled culture pillars are placed inside the culture trays. Each tray contains two rows of pillars, with six pillars forming a row. The pillars in each row are connected by thick wire from north to south to prevent toppling, with the wire ends securely fastened to the greenhouse structure. The center distance between the pillars in each row within the culture tray is 0.75 cm, while the center distance between the two rows of pillars between trays is 1 meter.

(IV) Nutrient Solution Conduction System Integration

The nutrient solution conveyance system is connected in the following order: Storage Pool - Circulation Pump - Filter - Main Pipeline - Bypass - Capillary - Drip Nozzle - Cultivation Pillar - Cultivation Basin - Return Ditch - Storage Pool. The main pipeline of the nutrient solution conveyance system is set along the upper surface of the north wall of the greenhouse. The capillaries and drip nozzles are suspended at the top of the cultivation pillars, with each capillary end sealed with a plug.

(5) Nutrient Solution Preparation

Leafy Vegetable Plant Nutrient Solution Ratio (per ton of water): Calcium nitrate 236g, Potassium nitrate 404g, Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 57g, Magnesium sulfate 123g, Chelated iron 16g, Boric acid 1.2g, Manganese chloride 0.72g, Zinc sulfate 0.09g, Copper sulfate 0.04g, Sodium molybdate 0.013g, EC value 0.85-1.3.

(6) Crop Planting

Soilless vertical cultivation is typically suitable for growing shorter leafy vegetables, such as lettuce, rapeseed, and celery. Before planting the crops, holes should be drilled on the cultivation pillars, with 40 evenly spaced holes on pillars that are 1.7 meters tall. Water is then introduced into the cultivation pillar through the nutrient solution delivery system, moistening the substrate inside. The seedlings of vegetables to be cultivated in the greenhouse are then transplanted into the cultivation holes.

Heimiao Management

Transplant seedlings and introduce clear water within three days. In summer, water every half-hour; in winter, water once every hour, ensuring a minimum watering duration of 8 minutes to facilitate seedling acclimatization. After the seedlings have acclimatized, prepare nutrient solution in the nutrient solution pool and timely supply it to the culture pillars. Initially, maintain a lower concentration of nutrient solution, watering at a distance of once every hour. As the seedlings grow, increase the nutrient solution concentration to the required level and maintain watering at a distance of once every two hours, with a typical watering duration of 8 minutes.