Welding robots mainly consist of two parts: the robot itself and the control cabinet (hardware and software). Welding equipment, such as arc welding and spot welding, is composed of welding power sources (including their control systems), wire feeders (for arc welding), welding clamps, and so on. For intelligent robots, a sensing system should be included, such as laser or camera sensors and their control devices.
If the workpiece does not require positioning during the entire welding process, it can be clamped onto the work surface with a fixture, making this system quite simple. However, in actual production, more workpieces need to be repositioned during welding to ensure the weld seam is in an optimal position (pose). In such cases, the manipulator and robot can either move separately—i.e., the manipulator repositions first, followed by the robot welding—or simultaneously, meaning the manipulator repositions while the robot welds, which is commonly referred to as coordinated movement between the manipulator and robot. At this point, the movement of the manipulator and the robot combine, enabling the weldClampIn relation to the workpiece movement, it can meet both the weld seam path and the welding speed requirements.ClampRequirement for posture. In fact, at this point, the axis of the transposer has become part of the robot. This welding robot system can have up to 7-20 axes, or more.
The control cabinet for robots can coordinate the movement of 12 axes between two robots. One is a welding robot, and the other is a handling robot used as a positioning machine.