I. Core Principle and Functional Orientation

The spray tower achieves pollutant transfer through countercurrent contact of gas and liquid phases, with its core principle being the thorough mixing of liquid (such as water, alkali solution, acid solution) with waste gas to remove suspended particles, acidic/basic gases, organic pollutants, and particulates through physical adsorption, chemical reactions, or dissolution. Its functional positioning is as the front-end purification equipment for waste gas treatment, which can be used independently or combined with processes like activated carbon adsorption and catalytic combustion to form a multi-stage treatment system.

Section II: Structural Design and Component Analysis

• Tower material selectionSelect corrosion-resistant materials based on the nature of exhaust gas, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) for acidic exhaust, polypropylene (PP) for neutral exhaust, and 304/316 stainless steel for high-temperature or chlorine-containing exhaust.
• Structural DesignTypically in a cylindrical vertical structure, it is divided into an air inlet section, spray layer, packing layer, mist removal layer, and exhaust cone cap, ensuring thorough gas-liquid contact and separation.
• Spray System Nozzle TypesUtilizing helical solid cone nozzles or high-pressure atomizing nozzles, the spray angle is 120°-150°, with droplet sizes ranging from 50 to 200 μm, ensuring uniform liquid coverage over the tower cross-section.
• Spray DensityAdjust the spray quantity based on exhaust gas concentration; typically designed as 3-8L/(m²·s) to prevent overflow or leakage.
• Filling Layer Filling TypeCommonly used for multi-faceted hollow spheres (specific surface area 200-500 m²/m³), Raschig rings (specific surface area 100-200 m²/m³), or Pall rings. The filling height is typically 1.5-3 meters to extend the contact time between gas and liquid.
• Support StructureThe bottom is equipped with a grid plate to support the filling material, and a pressure plate is installed above to prevent the filling material from shifting due to air flow impact.
• Demister Layer & Demister DeviceUtilize a mesh demister (dust removal efficiency ≥98%) or a baffle demister to remove liquid droplets (particle size ≥10μm) carried in the exhaust gas, preventing secondary pollution.
• Recirculation Pump SystemChoose corrosion-resistant centrifugal pumps, with flow rate designed according to the spray quantity, and head requirement to overcome tower body pressure drop (usually 2-5 meters of water column).
• Level ControlAutomatically adjust the water补给 through a float valve or liquid level sensor to maintain stable circulating fluid levels.