I. Core Principle and Functional Orientation

The spray tower achieves pollutant transfer through the reverse contact of gas and liquid phases. Its core principle is to mix the waste gas thoroughly with liquid (such as water, alkaline solution, acidic solution) to remove suspended particles, acidic/basic gases, organic pollutants, and particulates through physical adsorption, chemical reactions, or dissolution. It is positioned as a front-end purification device for waste gas treatment, which can be used alone or combined with processes like activated carbon adsorption, catalytic combustion, to form a multi-stage treatment system.

II. Structural Design and Component Analysis

• Tower material selectionSelect corrosion-resistant materials based on the characteristics of exhaust gas, such as glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) for acidic exhaust, polypropylene (PP) for neutral exhaust, and 304/316 stainless steel for high-temperature or chlorine-containing exhaust.
• Structural DesignTypically in a cylindrical vertical structure, the interior is divided into an inlet section, spray layer, packing layer, demisting layer, and outlet cone cap, ensuring thorough contact and separation between gas and liquid.
• Sprinkler System Nozzle TypesUtilizing helical solid cone nozzles or high-pressure atomizing nozzles, the spray angle is 120°-150°, with droplet sizes ranging from 50 to 200 μm, ensuring uniform liquid coverage over the tower cross-section.
• Spray DensityAdjust the spray volume based on exhaust concentration, typically designed as 3-8 L/(m²·s) to prevent overflow or leakage.
• Filling Layer Filling TypeCommonly used multi-sided hollow spheres (specific surface area 200-500 m²/m³), Raschig rings (specific surface area 100-200 m²/m³), or Pall rings; the packing height is generally 1.5-3m to extend the contact time between gas and liquid.
• Support StructureThe bottom is equipped with a grate board to support the filling material, and a pressure plate is installed above to prevent the filling material from shifting due to air flow impact.
• Demisting Layer Demisting DeviceUtilize a mesh demister (demineralization efficiency ≥98%) or baffle demister to remove liquid droplets (particle size ≥10μm) carried in the exhaust gas, preventing secondary pollution.
• Recirculation System Circulation PumpChoose corrosion-resistant centrifugal pumps. The flow rate is designed according to the spray quantity, and the head must overcome the tower pressure drop (usually 2-5 meters of water column).
• Level ControlAutomatically adjust the补水量 through a float valve or liquid level sensor to maintain the stability of the circulating fluid.