Laboratory purification engineering involves the air purification process of a specific area within a lab to achieve a designated clean air grade, ensuring the high environmental requirements of experiments are met, which is a systematic project.
Application Scenarios
Suitable for bioproducts, microbiological research, brain cell laboratories, stem cell laboratories, blood cell laboratories, animal laboratories, biosafety laboratories, and virus research laboratories, where high experimental environmental requirements are necessary.
Design Requirements
Cleanliness Grade: General cleanrooms have a cleanliness grade of 10,000, while most ordinary laboratories range from 100,000 to 10,000. Biosafety laboratories, positive control laboratories, and microbiological culture laboratories must be designed and constructed according to the static 100-level standard.
Humidity and Temperature Control: Typically requires a temperature range of 18-27°C and relative humidity of 45%-65%, which can be adjusted according to experimental needs. Achieved through equipment such as modular air conditioning units.
Pressure Control: Static pressure difference between adjacent areas of different grades ≥ 5Pa, clean zone and outdoor pressure difference ≥ 10Pa, e.g., main laboratory + 10Pa, buffer room + 5Pa, monitored through pressure difference gauges.
Airflow Organization: Select an appropriate airflow organization based on the experimental type. For instance, biological safety laboratories typically use total exhaust systems to avoid cross-contamination, whereas general cleanrooms can utilize air conditioning systems with recirculating air.
Building materials
Walls and Ceilings: Commonly used insulated color steel panels, such as the colored composite steel plate with a thickness of 0.426mm, featuring a 50mm fire-retardant rock wool core. These panels offer excellent sealing properties and are dust-free.
Flooring: Utilizes laboratory-grade PVC sheeting, thickness ≥2mm. The floor and wall connection features a radius ≥50mm curve for easy cleaning and resistance to contamination and chemicals.
Doors and Windows: Doors are mainly made of mineral wool sandwiched with color steel plates, featuring transparent glass. Windows are made of tempered glass, ensuring both airtightness and lighting.
Ventilation System
Generally, a combination air conditioning unit is used. The ventilation system must be fitted with filters according to the laboratory's purpose. A coarse efficiency air filter is installed at the fresh air intake, a medium efficiency air filter at the positive pressure section of the pressure fan, and an air filter at the system's terminal. The exhaust system employs a combination of primary and medium efficiency filter units and exhaust columns for exhaust. Non-return valves on the pipes prevent reverse airflow.
Safety and Protection
Biological safety laboratories are classified into four levels—P1, P2, P3, and P4—based on the level of biological hazards. Different levels have varying protective requirements. For instance, P2 laboratories are suitable for pathogens with moderate potential danger to humans and the environment, restricting access to the experimental area. Experiments that may produce aerosols should be conducted in a Class II biological safety cabinet.
