Elbows, Flanges, Tees, Reducers, Manholes

Flanges, also known as flange hubs or raised rings, are components used to connect shafts to each other, facilitating pipe-end connections. They are also used on equipment inlets and outlets, such as reducer flanges, for connecting two devices. Flange connections or flange joints refer to the removable connections formed by the combination of flanges, gaskets, and bolts as a sealing structure. Pipe flanges are those used for piping in pipe systems, while equipment flanges refer to the inlets and outlets of equipment. Flanges have holes for bolts that secure them tightly together, and they are sealed using gaskets. Flanges come in threaded (screwed) connections, welding connections, and clamp connections. Flanges are always used in pairs; low-pressure pipelines can use threaded flanges, while those above 4 kg of pressure require welding flanges. Two flange disks are joined with a sealing pad and then bolted together. Flange thickness varies with pressure, as do the bolts used. In pumps and valves, when connected to pipes, these equipment components are also shaped like corresponding flanges, known as flange connections. Any connection piece that uses bolts to connect two flat surfaces and is sealed is generally called a "flange," such as in ventilation pipe connections. Such parts can be referred to as "flange-type parts." However, such connections are only part of a device, like the connection between a flange and a pump, so it's not appropriate to call the pump a "flange-type part." Smaller components like valves can be called "flange-type parts."
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