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Composite drainage mesh is made by bonding a three-dimensional geogrid to both sides of a geotextile, combining the geotextile (filtering function) and the geogrid (drainage and protection function), offering "filtering-drainage-protection" effects. The three-dimensional structure of the composite drainage mesh core can withstand high compressive loads throughout its use and maintain considerable thickness, providing excellent water permeability.

Functionality characteristics:
1. Laid between the subgrade and subbase, this structure is designed to drain water between them, block capillary water, and effectively integrate with the edge drainage system. It automatically shortens the drainage path of the subgrade, significantly reducing drainage time, and can also reduce the amount of subgrade material used (i.e., materials with fine particles and lower permeability). This can extend the service life of the road.

2. Laying a drainage mesh at the subgrade level prevents fine subgrade materials from entering the subsoil (also serving as a separation function). The granular subgrade will only slightly penetrate the upper part of the geotextile. Thus, the composite geotextile drainage mesh also has a potential to limit the lateral movement of the granular subgrade, functioning similarly to the reinforcing effect of geogrids. Generally, the tensile strength and rigidity of the composite geotextile drainage mesh are superior to many geogrids used for foundation reinforcement, and this limiting effect will enhance the foundation's supporting capacity.

3. Once road aging and cracking occur, most rainwater infiltrates into the cross-section. In such cases, directly laying a drainage grid beneath the road surface replaces permeable subgrade. The drainage grid collects water before it enters the subgrade/subbase. Moreover, a membrane can be wrapped at the bottom of the drainage grid to further prevent water from penetrating the subgrade. For rigid road systems, this structure allows for designing roads with a higher drainage coefficient Cd. Another advantage is the potential for uniform hydration of concrete (research on this aspect is ongoing). Regardless of rigid or flexible road systems, this structure can extend the lifespan of roads.

4. Under northern climatic conditions, laying a drainage network can help alleviate the effects of frost heave. If the depth of freezing is significant, the geotextile can be placed at a shallower position within the subgrade, acting as a capillary action barrier. Additionally, it is often necessary to replace the granular subgrade material with one that is less prone to frost heave, extending downward to the depth of freezing. The frost-heave-prone backfill soil can be placed directly on top of the drainage network, up to the ground surface level of the foundation. In this case, the system can be connected to the drainage outlet, ensuring groundwater levels are at or below this depth. This can potentially limit the growth of ice crystals, and during spring thaw in cold regions, it is not necessary to restrict traffic loads.