Laboratory purification engineering involves the air purification process of a specific area within a laboratory to achieve a certain level of air cleanliness, catering to the high environmental requirements of experiments.
Application Scenarios
Suitable for high-demanding experimental environments in bioproducts, microbiological research, brain cell laboratories, stem cell laboratories, blood cell laboratories, animal laboratories, biosafety laboratories, and virus research laboratories.
Design Requirements
Cleanliness Grade: General cleanrooms have a cleanliness grade of 10,000, while common laboratories usually range from 100,000 to 10,000. Biosafety laboratories, positive control laboratories, and microbiological culture laboratories must be designed and constructed according to the static 100 grade standard.
Temperature and Humidity Control: Generally, the temperature should be maintained between 18-27°C and the relative humidity between 45%-65%. Specific requirements can be adjusted according to experimental needs, achieved through equipment like modular air conditioning units, etc.
Pressure Control: Static pressure difference between adjacent areas of different grades ≥5Pa, clean area and outdoor pressure difference ≥10Pa, e.g., main laboratory +10Pa, buffer room +5Pa. Monitoring is achieved through the installation of a pressure difference gauge.
Airflow Organization: Select an appropriate airflow organization based on the type of experiment, such as biological safety laboratories typically use total exhaust systems to avoid cross-contamination, while general clean laboratories can use air conditioning systems with recirculating air.
Building materials
Walls and ceilings: commonly used sandwich color steel plates, such as colored composite steel plates with a thickness of 0.426mm, with a 50mm fire-resistant rock wool core. They offer good sealing properties and are dust-free.
Flooring: Utilizes lab-grade PVC roll materials with thickness ≥2mm. The floor and wall connections are rounded with an R≥50mm radius for easy cleaning and resistance to contamination and chemicals.
Doors and Windows: Doors are mainly made of rock wool sandwich color steel plates with transparent glass, while windows are made of tempered glass to ensure airtightness and light transmittance.
Ventilation System
Generally, a combination air conditioning unit is used. The ventilation system must be equipped with filters based on the laboratory's use. A coarse efficiency air filter is installed at the fresh air intake, a medium efficiency air filter at the positive pressure section of the pressurizing fan, and an air filter at the system terminal. The exhaust system employs a combination of primary and medium efficiency filter units along with exhaust columns for air exhaust. Check valves on the pipes prevent reverse airflow.
Safety and Protection
Biosecurity laboratories are classified into four levels—P1, P2, P3, and P4—based on the biological hazard level. Labs of different levels have varying protective requirements. For instance, P2 labs are suitable for pathogens that pose moderate potential danger to humans and the environment, with restricted access to the experimental area. Experiments that may produce aerosols should be conducted in a Class II biological safety cabinet.
