Laboratory purification engineering is a systematic project that involves air purification in a specific area of a laboratory to achieve a certain level of air cleanliness, meeting the high environmental requirements of experiments.
Application Scenario
Suited for high-demanding experimental environments such as bioproducts, microbiological research, brain cell laboratories, stem cell laboratories, blood cell laboratories, animal laboratories, biosafety laboratories, and virus research laboratories.
Design Requirements
Cleanliness Grades: General cleanroom laboratories have a cleanliness grade of 10,000, while common laboratories are mostly 100,000 to 10,000. Biological safety laboratories, positive control laboratories, and microbiological culture laboratories must be designed and constructed according to the static 100-level standard.
Temperature and humidity control: Typically requires temperatures between 18-27°C and relative humidity between 45%-65%, which can be adjusted according to experimental requirements. This can be achieved through equipment such as modular air conditioning units.
Pressure Control: Static pressure difference between adjacent areas of different grades ≥5Pa, clean area to outdoor pressure difference ≥10Pa, e.g., main laboratory +10Pa, buffer room +5Pa. Monitoring is conducted through the installation of a pressure difference gauge.
Airflow Organization: Select an appropriate airflow organization based on the type of experiment, such as biological safety laboratories typically use total exhaust systems to avoid cross-contamination, while general clean laboratories can use air conditioning systems with recirculated air.
Building materials
Walls and ceilings: commonly used sandwich color steel panels, such as color composite steel plates with a thickness of 0.426mm, with a 50mm fire-retardant rock wool core, offering good sealing and dust-free properties.
Floor: Laboratory-grade PVC sheeting, thickness ≥ 2mm, rounded corners with R≥50mm radius between floor and wall for easy cleaning, resistance to pollution and chemicals.
Doors and Windows: Doors are commonly made of rock wool sandwiched with color steel plates, featuring transparent glass. Windows are made of tempered glass, ensuring both airtightness and light transmission.
Ventilation System
Generally, a combination air conditioning unit is used. The ventilation system requires filter settings according to the laboratory's use. A coarse-efficiency air filter is installed at the fresh air intake, a medium-efficiency air filter at the positive pressure section of the pressure fan, and an air filter at the system terminal. The exhaust system employs a combination of primary and medium-efficiency filter units with exhaust columns for ventilation, and check valves on the pipes prevent reverse airflow.
Safety and Protection
Biological safety laboratories are classified into four levels—P1, P2, P3, and P4—based on the degree of biological hazard. Different levels have varying protective requirements. For instance, P2 laboratories are suitable for pathogens posing moderate potential danger to humans and the environment, restricting access to the experimental area. Experiments that may produce aerosols should be conducted in an II-rated biological safety cabinet.
